Table 2 Effect of chronic cold exposure on BAT and cold-induced non-shivering thermogenesis
Participants | Condition | Increase in BAT activity/volume | CIT (kcal/day) | Reference | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (M/F) | Age | BMI | Before | After | |||
12 (12/0) | 26.3 | 23.8 | 17 °C, 2 h/day, 6 weeks | 58% | 108 | 289 | Yoneshiro et al. J Clin Invest 2013 (ref. [44]) |
17 (8/9) | 23 | 21.6 | 15–16 °C, 2–6 h/day, 10 days | 35% | 206 | 275 | van der Lans et al. J Clin Invest 2013 (ref. [46]) |
5 (5/0) | 21 | 22 | 19 °C, 24 h/day, 4 weeks | 54% | 152 | 177 | Lee et al. Diabetes 2014 (ref. [45]) |
8 (8/0) | 59.3 | 29.8 | 14–15 °C, 2–6 h/day, 10 days | 57% | 18 | 113 | Hanssen et al. Nat Med 2015 (ref. [48]) |
10 (10/0) | 36 | 32.9 | 14–15 °C, 2–6 h/day, 10 days | 26% | 207 | 275 | Hanssen et al. Diabetes 2016 (ref. [47]) |
9 (9/0) | 23 | 24.4 | 10 °C cooling suit, 2 h/day, 4 weeks | 182%, vol. 45% | 3727a | 3652a | Blondin et al. J Physiol 2017 (ref. [50]) |